https://dcidj.uog.edu.et/index.php/up-j-dcbrid/issue/feedDisability, CBR & Inclusive Development2024-01-29T15:51:06+00:00Tesfahun Melese Yilmatesfahun.melese@uog.edu.etOpen Journal Systems<p><em>Disability, CBR and Inclusive Development</em> aims to enhance knowledge in the field of disability and inclusive development, addressing the needs of practitioners, policy makers, DPOs and the scientific community.</p>https://dcidj.uog.edu.et/index.php/up-j-dcbrid/article/view/757Cover Page2024-01-29T14:48:05+00:00Huib Cornieljeh.cornielje@enablement.nl2024-01-29T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2024 The Author(s)https://dcidj.uog.edu.et/index.php/up-j-dcbrid/article/view/738Editorial issue 3, 2023 - Women in the forefront of Support 2023-12-01T14:38:23+00:00Huib Cornieljeh.cornielje@enablement.nl2024-01-29T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2024 The Author(s)https://dcidj.uog.edu.et/index.php/up-j-dcbrid/article/view/481Disability Inclusive Education in Bangladesh2021-05-22T12:59:34+00:00Majid Turmusaniturmusani@hotmail.comAim: This account is based on a strategic Design Note developed for the inclusion of Children with Disabilities (CwDs) into the public-school system under Primary Education Development Program (PEDP4) in Bangladesh. It aims at analyzing the right to inclusive education from the perspective of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD), notably article 24 on inclusive education and Sustainable Development Goals (SDG4). Method: Extensive consultations were carried out within the course of developing the Design Note with stakeholders, notably civil society and organizations of persons with disabilities (DPOs). Results: In order to improve the capacity of the primary education system to identify, enroll, maintain and retain Learners with Disabilities (LwDs) throughout the primary cycle, a reform in the system is required starting by creating an enabling environment and focusing on overcoming attitudinal barriers in the local community and school authority; improving school infrastructure; strengthening inclusion practices, notably adapted pedagogy, as well as consolidating policy framework, coordination and governance in addition to empowering users and enhancing their voice. Conclusion and Implication: Such key actions can greatly enhance targeting, screening and reaching out for a full range of children with disabilities in schools as well as out of school and contribute to improving learning outcomes, fulfilling the right to education (art. 24 of CRPD) and achieving SDG4. 2024-01-29T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2024 The Author(s)https://dcidj.uog.edu.et/index.php/up-j-dcbrid/article/view/706Technology-Assisted Early Disability Identification and Monitoring in Children: A Model for Middle- and Low Income Countries2023-08-19T04:16:24+00:00Binoy Mathew K Vbinoy9797@gmail.comMaryelizabeth Tidiya Walarinehaitidiya@gmail.com<p>The initial 1000 days after birth is the period of major brain development. It is found that children with various neurological, musculoskeletal and developmental disorders and those “at high risk of disability” show early identifiable signs and symptoms. If an appropriate level of intervention is initiated at an early age, when neuroplasticity is at the maximum, a great extent of positive changes could be brought in their overall development. Recent advances in the technology could be used for early screening and monitoring of children. The authors discuss a technology-assisted early disability identification and monitoring system ideal for middle- and low-income countries.</p>2024-01-29T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2024 The Author(s)https://dcidj.uog.edu.et/index.php/up-j-dcbrid/article/view/651Analysis of Health, Disability, Gender and Disaster Risk Reduction Policies in Nepal using a Human Rights-based Approach2023-01-31T13:22:55+00:00Hridaya Raj Devkotahridaya.devkota.10@ucl.ac.ukChandrakala Sharmacsharma_s@hotmail.comMuna Sharmamuna.sharma@mnc.tu.edu.npBackground: People with disabilities (PwDs) and women often face difficulties in accessing healthcare and life-saving procedures and are at greater risk of death, injury, and long-term negative impact on their health and well-being at the time of disaster. The public policies in low-resourced countries are rarely analyzed to understand whether those policies include adequately the issues of vulnerable populations to support them during disasters in line with human rights principles. Aim of the study: This study assessed the extent to which the issues of PwDs, women, and girls are incorporated in line with human rights principles in the key policies related to health, disability, gender, and disaster risk reduction in Nepal. Method: A content analysis of selected policies was carried out using EquiFrame, which analyses policies for the inclusion of vulnerable groups based on the Core Concepts of Human Rights. Fifteen policies were analyzed regarding the frequency and quality that included PwDs, women, and girls in the documents. Results: Nepal’s health policy (n=4) covered 52% of the Human Rights Core Concepts, while disability (n=3), gender (n=2), and DRR policy (n=6) covered 46%. The overall qualities of those policies were ranked significantly low, ranging in the quality index from 8 - 28. Conclusion: The policies inadequately incorporated human rights principles for the inclusion of disability and gender and ranked low in terms of quality to address their health needs and rights. To enhance social inclusion and promote equity in health, it is suggested that the human rights approach be followed as guided by the EquiFrame while developing policies. 2024-01-29T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2024 The Author(s)https://dcidj.uog.edu.et/index.php/up-j-dcbrid/article/view/678Core Concepts of Human Rights and Inclusion of Vulnerable Groups in the National Mental Health Policies of Ireland, Kenya, South Africa, India, and Liberia2023-01-30T09:27:00+00:00Emily Birdyemily.birdy.2019@mumail.ieJoanne McVeighJoanne.McVeigh@mu.ieBackground: Policy analysis is a powerful tool to ensure that policies are rights-based and socially inclusive. The primary aim of this study was to assess the level of commitment to core concepts of human rights and the inclusion of vulnerable groups in five national mental health policies across low-, middle- and high-income countries. Methods: Policy documents were evaluated using EquiFrame, a systematic policy content analysis framework. Policies were examined with regards to their coverage of 21 core concepts of human rights (Core Concept Coverage), their quality of commitment to these core concepts (Core Concept Quality), and their inclusion of 12 vulnerable groups (Vulnerable Group Coverage). An Overall Summary Ranking was also assigned to each policy with regards to it being of High, Moderate, or Low quality. Results: Each of the polices scored high on Vulnerable Group Coverage and Core Concept Coverage, although there were notable omissions. All policies, with the exception of Ireland, scored below EquiFrame’s criteria for Core Concept Quality. The Irish policy produced a High Overall Summary Ranking; while the Liberian, Kenyan, South African, and Indian policies each received a Moderate Overall Summary Ranking. Conclusion: All policies received their lowest scores for Core Concept Quality, signifying a need for policy-makers to ensure specific policy actions and monitoring mechanisms to address human rights in mental health policies. EquiFrame offers a constructive tool for mental health policy analysis in relation to core concepts of human rights and inclusion of vulnerable groups, which are considered key in successfully realising the Sustainable Development Goals. 2024-01-29T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2024 The Author(s)https://dcidj.uog.edu.et/index.php/up-j-dcbrid/article/view/681Predictors of quality of life of persons with physical disabilities in Indonesia 2023-07-28T04:24:33+00:00Lukman Hilfilukman.hilfi@unpad.ac.idChiho Yamazakikchiho@gunma-u.ac.jpDeni Kurniadi Sunjayad.k.sunjaya@unpad.ac.idArdini Saptaningsih Raksanagaraardini.raksanagara@unpad.ac.idSekar Ayu Paramitasaparamita@gunma-u.ac.jpNur Atikn.atik@unpad.ac.idMitsuo Uchidauchida01@gunma-u.ac.jpHiroshi Koyamahiroshikoyama732@gmail.comKei Hamazakikei.hamazaki@gunma-u.ac.idPurpose: Indonesia lacks policies and programs to implement laws aimed at reducing the barriers that hinder the improvement of quality of life (QOL) in persons with disabilities. This study analyzed people’s attitude barriers, levels of disability, and QOL and its predictors in persons with physical disabilities. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 202 participants with physical disabilities completed the attitude subscale of Craig Hospital Inventory of Environmental Factors-Short Form (CHIEF-SF), the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0), and the World Health Organisation Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF). The Rasch model converted the ordinal data to the interval logits scale. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze QOL predictors. Results: Participants reported a mean WHOQOL-BREF score of 0.12+0.98 (poor QOL). Participants with poor QOL perceived people’s attitudes as impactful barriers (-1.68 ± 1.44). There was a significant difference in participants’ mean WHODAS 2.0 score with poor (-0.38 ± 1.06) and good QOL (-1.79 ± 0.77). The regression revealed the following significant QOL predictors: employment (B = 0.512), disability levels (B = −0.409), attitude barrier (B = −0.090), and age (B = −0.014). Conclusions: Persons with physical disabilities reported poor QOL. Higher disability levels, unemployment, perceived impactful attitude barrier, and older age are predictors of lower QOL of persons with physical disabilities. 2024-01-29T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2024 The Author(s)https://dcidj.uog.edu.et/index.php/up-j-dcbrid/article/view/677Have Thailand’s Personal Assistance Services for Persons with Disabilities Evolved?2023-01-30T09:24:17+00:00Akiko Yokoyamaakiko.yokoyama@hus.osaka-u.ac.jpKamolpun Punpuingkamolpunp@gmail.comAim: To consider the critical disability theory perspective and the Independent Living (IL) philosophy to not only identify how personal assistants (PAs) and persons with disabilities in Thailand have worked together during the COVID-19 pandemic, but also analyze the power relationships among stakeholders in the Thai personal assistance service system. Methods: This research applied a qualitative research methodology with three groups: PAs, persons with disabilities working with PAs, and administrators of PA service delivery agencies in four provinces in Thailand. Fifty-eight respondents participated in in-depth interviews and three focus group discussions. A matrix involving case and coding analyses was used to analyze the data. Results: PA services under the IL philosophy, which introduced by the Thai IL movement, were incorporated in a law to be implemented. However, this implementation was mostly managed and delivered by governmental offices responsible for charitable modes of care, with an emphasis on a volunteering spirit. The PA services were perceived as caregivers for older persons. During the COVID-19 pandemic PA services provided support to persons with disabilities and filled gaps in family care. Conclusion and Implications: The group leaders among persons with disabilities are active agents to strive for more participation at all levels in the PA system structure. It is important to train PA service users and have organizations of persons with disabilities to manage and monitor PA services. Hence, developing a PA career path with proper working benefits will be significant in creating sustainable PA services.2024-01-29T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2024 The Author(s)https://dcidj.uog.edu.et/index.php/up-j-dcbrid/article/view/683Perceived Family and Organizational Support among People with Dwarfism in Tamil Nadu, India: A Qualitative Inquiry2023-02-02T09:52:21+00:00Zuvairiya Nassarzuvynaser@gmail.comSampath Kumar Srinivasandrsampathkumar@buc.edu.inAims Despite the fact that society has become tolerant and inclusive, people of short stature still experience stigma and discrimination in every aspect of life. The study focuses on the peculiar challenges which extend from household to environmental infrastructure and also aims to understand the significance of family and organizational support to lead an integrated life. Methods The inclusion criterion to purposively select twelve adult participants in the study is that they must be an associate to the organization exclusively functioning for the empowerment of short statured. Data was gathered using semi structured interview guide and thereafter thematic analysis was done. Results Results revealed the existence of wide range of peculiar difficulties encountered daily which extend from household to public spaces, like difficulty in finding cloths which fit them appropriately, strain to cook with their body size, loss of breath in a crowd amongst average sized people, higher chances of heavy vehicle hitting them accidentally etc,. Dwarfs receive support from parents, siblings, partner and children through acceptance, care and emotional assistance to combat their inability and to accomplish their tasks. Organizational support assists them in the aspect of partner selection, career guidance and to voice out for their rights thereby increasing the chances of social integration. Conclusion The combined support of family members and organization is necessary to a dwarf person in order to overcome and cope with the peculiar challenges encountered every day to attain a living with utmost wellness. Limitations The data on the number of dwarfs in India is not available which makes it tough for the future researchers to give equal representations to study their issues and to give an overall generalization. 2024-01-29T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2024 The Author(s)https://dcidj.uog.edu.et/index.php/up-j-dcbrid/article/view/605School-aged Children with Down Syndrome in Galle, Sri Lanka: Relationship between Level of Disability, Resource Use and Caregiver Burden2023-01-30T12:09:08+00:00Dilani Logandilani93@gmail.comVijitha De Silvapvdesilva@med.ruh.ac.lkShayna M. Clancyclancy.shayna@gmail.comRae-Jean Proeschold-Bellrae.jean@duke.eduChampa Wijesinghecjw@med.ruh.ac.lkLauren J. Hartlauren.j.hart@duke.eduTruls Ostbyetruls.ostbye@duke.eduAim: We assessed the relationship between the level of disability amongst school-aged children with Downs Syndrome and overall caregiver burden, and the potential moderating effects of social support and external service access on the caregiver/child relationship. Methods: Caregivers were recruited to complete the Caregiver Priorities and Child Health Index of Life with Disabilities (CP-CHILD) assessment and the Caregiver Difficulties Scale (CDS) and answered questions regarding resource use. A subset of 15 surveyed caregivers were also invited to participate in semi-structured interviews. Regression analyses were used to investigate the impact of resource usage on the association between level of disability and caregiver burden. Results: Lower perceived levels of child disability were related to less caregiver burden. Thirty-seven percent of caregivers reported receiving assistance from external supports. The relationship between the child’s level of disability and caregiver burden was attenuated by family support for caregiving and school attendance in a general class in a general school. Conclusions and Implications: External supports reduce caregiver burden but may not be available to many caregivers. 2024-01-29T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2024 The Author(s)https://dcidj.uog.edu.et/index.php/up-j-dcbrid/article/view/722Factors influencing Nutritional Needs of Children with Disabilities in United Arab Emirates: Special Education Teachers vs Parents2023-10-03T10:35:34+00:00Ashraf Moustafaashraf.m@uaeu.ac.aeMaxwell Peprah Opokuabizep4@yahoo.comThara Alkhateri201801485@uaeu.ac.aeNoora Anwahi20190718@uaeu.ac.aeWadima Al Dhaheri20163016@uaeu.ac.aeAisha Alsuwaidi20150813@uaeu.ac.ae<p><strong>Aims</strong>: Children with disabilities are likely to have poor eating habits, resulting in being underweight or overweight. The United Nations in the Sustainable Development Goals, has strongly encouraged countries to promote good eating habits among children. However, studies on ways to effectively promote the nutritional needs of children with disabilities are quite limited. Using a health literacy model by Nutbeam as a framework, this study attempted to develop insights into the factors which may impact the understanding and practice of stakeholders about the nutritional needs of children with disabilities in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong>: The revised Food and Nutritional Literacy Scale was used to collect data from 149 parents and special education teachers. The survey data collected from parents and special education teachers were analysed by computing the mean and subjecting them to t-test and one- and two-way analysis of variances.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> The results showed ambivalence of parents and teachers on knowledge and practical skills to promote good eating habits among children with disabilities. Moreover, variables such as age, participant type, nationality, gender, and awareness of nutritional policy were found to influence awareness about nutritional needs of children with disabilities.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion and implications:</strong> The study concludes with a recommendation to policymakers in the UAE to expedite public education and the importance of professional development in the area of safe and good nutrition for children with disabilities by key stakeholders.</p> <p><strong> </strong></p>2024-01-29T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2024 The Author(s)https://dcidj.uog.edu.et/index.php/up-j-dcbrid/article/view/741Guest Editorial2023-12-02T14:20:00+00:00Chris Zielinskichris.zielinski@ukhealthalliance.org2024-01-29T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2024 The Author(s)